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Flexicalymene
Ordovician
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Ordovician
A trilobite specimen from the Ordovician.
Photograph by a community member
View SpecimenThe Encyclopedia
The dominant land vertebrates of the Mesozoic Era, from towering sauropods to horned ceratopsians.
Spiral-shelled marine mollusks that thrived in ancient oceans for over 300 million years.

Extinct marine arthropods, among the most recognizable fossils of the Paleozoic Era.
Early mammals and their relatives, from small Mesozoic forerunners to Ice Age giants.
Mosasaurs, plesiosaurs, and ichthyosaurs that ruled the prehistoric seas.
Ancient sharks and their relatives, among the ocean's most enduring predators.
ScienceDaily · 2026-10-08
Recent excavations at the Drimolen Cave in South Africa have yielded 18 significant hominin fossils that are fundamentally altering our understanding of early human evolution. Among the most critical finds is a skull fragment belonging to an adult Homo erectus, which has been dated to approximately 2 million years ago. This discovery indicates that the species existed in southern Africa roughly 200,000 years earlier than previously established, pushing back the timeline for their arrival in the region. Additionally, the fossils provide new insights into the co-existence of early hominin species, revealing that Paranthropus robustus was undergoing distinct evolutionary changes, such as the development of larger teeth and more robust chewing musculature during the same period. These findings highlight a more complex and earlier dispersal of Homo erectus, forcing a re-evaluation of the geographical and temporal context of hominin development in Africa.
Read ArticleScienceDaily · 2026-10-07
Recent scientific research posits that the timeline for animal evolution may need a significant revision, potentially shifting the origin of animal life back by 200 million years. Previously, many models suggested that animals emerged much later, but new analyses indicate they could have evolved as early as 800 to 700 million years ago. This timeframe aligns with the era preceding or concurrent with the extreme climatic events known as Snowball Earth. Researchers suggest that the lack of clear fossil evidence from this period is likely due to the soft-bodied nature of these early organisms, which were rarely preserved in the geological record. This hypothesis challenges existing assumptions about the tempo of early metazoan radiation and the environmental conditions that supported the rise of the first animal life.
Read ArticleScienceDaily · 2026-10-02
Recent research into 97-million-year-old fossils has uncovered evidence of what may be the earliest example of magnetoreception in the animal kingdom. These microscopic magnetic structures, potentially embedded within the remains of an ancient organism, suggest that marine life during the mid-Cretaceous period possessed the ability to detect and utilize Earth's magnetic field for navigation. This built-in biological 'GPS' would have allowed these mysterious creatures to traverse vast oceanic distances with remarkable precision. The findings imply that sophisticated migratory behaviors evolved much earlier than previously thought, highlighting a complex level of environmental interaction in prehistoric marine ecosystems. By analyzing the magnetic properties of these fossils, scientists have opened a new window into the evolutionary history of sensory systems and navigation strategies in the deep past.
Read ArticleAmber Arcade
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